Menya Abanyepolitike 10 bo muri Afrika Bitavye Imana mu 2020

1. Hosni Mubarak wo muri Misiri
Uwo benshi batazira "Raïs" yitavye Imana igenekerezo rya 25 ukwezi kwa kabiri mu 2020. Bimwe mu vyaranze intwaro yiwe, harimwo imyiyerekano yamutumye yegura ku butegetsi mu 2011. Hosni Mubarak yayoboye Misiri kuva mu 1981 gushika mu 2011.

Hosni Moubarack yaguye mu bitaro vy'abasirikare vyitwa Galaa biri ku murwa mukuru wa Misiri, Kayiro, afise imyaka 91. Yashengeye amaze igihe kitari gito aza araja mu bitaro biturutse ku magara yiwe atari yifashe neza kuva afungwa n'imanza z'ibiturire yagirizwa.

2. Pierre Nkurunziza wo mu Burundi
Pierre Nkurunziza yitavye Imana ku myaka 55 igenekerezo rya 8 ukwezi kwa gatandatu umwaka 2020 ahitanywe n'ingwara y' "Umutima". Uwo yahoze ari mu murwi witwaje ibirwanisho, yabaye perezida w'Uburundi kuva mu 2005. Manda yiwe itavuzweko rumwe bamwe bise iya gatatu, yatanguye mu 2015 yateye imvururu mu gihugu, ituma abarundi baharurwa mu bihumbi amajana bahunga. Perezida Nkurunziza mu vyo yakunda, harimwo gukina umupira w'amaguru.

3. Amadou Gon Coulibaly wo muri Côte d'Ivoire
Urupfu rwa Amadou Gon Coulibaly yahoze ari umushikiranganji wa mbere wa Cote d'Ivoire igenekerezo rya 8 ukwezi kw'indwi 2020 rwahinduye ibitari bike muri politike y'igihugu ciwe. Mu gihe Perezida Alasane Ouattara yari yaravuze ko atazosubira kwitoreza iyindi manda, ugushengera kw'uyo mu nyepolitike yari guserukira umugambwe RHDP kwatumye Ouattara yihindukiza mw'ijambo, asubira kwitoreza iyindi manda.

Amadou Gon Coulibaly, soma mbike wa Ouattara, yashengeye afise imyaka 61, igenekerezo rya munani ukwezi kw'indwi 2020.

4. Zindzi Mandela wo muri Afurika y'Epfo
Ambasaderi Zindzi Mandela, umuhererezi wa Nelson Mandela yahoze ari Perezida wa Afurika y'Epfo yitavye Imana igenekerezo rya 13 ukwezi kw'indwi umwaka 2020. Yaguye mu bitaro biri Johannesburg ahitanywe na COVID-19. Yari afise imyaka 59.

Mu 1985, Zindzi yamenyekanye asoma ijambo rya se wiwe Nelson Mandela imbere y'ibihumbi vy'abantu bari bari kuri sitade ya Soweto. Asoma iryo jambo, se wiwe yari mu gasho. Yarisoma yamirira kure ubusabe bwa Perezida PW Botha yashaka ko Mandela arekurwa hari ibirinze gusabwa. Zindzi Mandela kuva mu 2015 yaserukira Afurika y'Epfo muri Danemark. Yashengeye ari mu kuja kuba ambasaderi w'igihugu ciwe muri Liberiya.

5. Pascal Lissouba wo muri Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Kongo
Pascal Lissouba yahoze ari perezida wa Republika ya Kongo yaguye mu Bufaransa igenekerezo rya 24 ukwezi kw'umunani mu 2020. Yashengeye afise imyaka 88. Yatowe mu matora ya mbere yitabiriwe n'imigambwe myinshi mu 1992, ubutegetsi bwiwe butembagazwa mu 1997 inyuma y'amezi atanu abamuyoboka bamaze bahanganye n'abayoboka Denis Sassou Nguesso.

Amatora yashikanye ku butegetsi Perezida Lissouba yabanjirijwe n'ingwano yahitanye ibihumbi n'ibihumbi vy'abanyekongo. Lissouba amaze kuva ku butegetsi yahungiye mu Bufaransa, igihugu ciwe kimwagiriza ivyaha bikomeye vyo "Kugihemukira."

6. Amadou Toumani Touré wa Mali
Amadou Toumani Touré yahoze ari umujenerali mu gisirikare ca Mali yasandabiye muri Turukiya itariki ya 9 ukwezi kwa cumi na rimwe mu 2020. Yari afise imyaka 72.

Uwo batazira ATT, yashikiriye ubutegetsi abuvanyeko Moussa Traoré yabangamiye abiyerekana bamwiyamiriza mu 1991. Amaze gutembagaza Traoré, ATT yashinze Reta y'imfatakibanza hama asubiza ubutegetsi Perezida yatowe muri demokarasi Alpha Oumar Konaré mu 1992.

Amadou Toumani Toure yabaye perezida wa Mali atowe biciye mu matora mu 2002 aza kuva ku butegetsi mu 2012 biciye muri Kudeta yakorewe n'ingabo zari ziyobowe na Kapiteni Amadou Haya Sanogo. Ubutegetsi bwiwe bwatembagajwe habuze amezi make ngo aheze manda yiwe ya kabiri. Abamuhiritse bavuga ko babikoze kuko atashoboye gutorera inyishu ikibazo c'umutekano muke mu buraruko bwa Mali. Inyuma yaho, ATT yahungiye muri Senegali aza kugaruka mu gihugu mu 2017.

7. Jerry Rawlings wa Ghana
Jerry Rawlings yahoze ari perezida wa Ghana yitavye Imana itariki ya 12 ukwezi kwa cumi na rimwe mu 2020 afise imyaka 73. Uwo yahoze Kudeta yakoze mu 1979. Naho biri uko, muri Ghana afatwa nk'uwatanguje demokarasi.

Jerry Rawlings yavuye ku butegetsi mu 2000 inyuma ya manda zibiri yatwaye nka perezida w'umusivile.

8. Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi wa Moritaniya
Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi, umu perezida wa mbere yatowe biciye muri demokarasi muri Moritaniya yasandavye igenekerezo rya 22 ukwezi kwa cumi na rimwe mu 2020. Yashikanywe ku butegetsi n'amatora yatsinze mu kwa gatatu ko mu 2007, ubutegetsi bwiwe buza gutembagazwa mu kwezi kwa munani 2008.

Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi bimwe mu vyo yari azwi ko, kwari ukwemera kwiwe gukomeye mw'idini rya Isilamu. Yabaye incuro zibiri umushikiranganji wa mbere wa Moritaniya: (1960-1978), (1984-2005). Yigeze kandi kuba umuhanuzi mu vy'ubutunzi wa Reta ya Koweti.

9. Mamadou Tandja wo muri Nijeri
Perezida Mamadou "Baba" Tandja wo muri Nijeri yitavye Imana igenekerezo rya 24 ukwezi kwa cumi na rimwe. Uwo yahoze ari umusirikare yatwaye Nijeri kuva mu 1999 gushika mu 2010. Imbere yaho, yari mu bakoze Kudeta yavanye ku butegetsi Perezida Diori Hamani ikabuha Jenerali Seyni Kountché. (Uyu yitavye Imana ari ku butegetsi mu 1987).

Kuva mu 1999, M. Tandja yatwaye Reta ya gisivile yasubiriye abasirikare bari barafashe ubutegetsi. Amaze guhindura ibwirizwa nshingiro kugira yumire ku butegetsi, yakorewe Kudeta mu kwa kabiri ko mu 2010.

10. Pierre Buyoya wo mu Burundi
Pierre Buyoya yahoze ari Perezida w'Uburundi yaguye i Paris mu Bufaransa igenekerezo rya 17 ukwezi kwa cumi na kabiri. Yahitanywe na COVID-19. Majoro Buyoya yasandavye amaze amezi make akwije imyaka 71. Imbere yo kuba Perezida mu 1987 yatembagaje ubutegetsi bwaramustwa Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, Buyoya yari umusirikare w'ipete rya majoro.

Muri manda yiwe ya mbere, yatumye habaho ubwinshi bw'imigambwe bwagiye kuvyara amatora ya mbere yakozwe muri demokarasi agashikana ku butegetsi Melchior Ndadaye mu 1993.

Pierre Buyoya yagiye kugaruka ku butegetsi inyuma y'iyindi Kudeta yakoze mu 1996. Mu 2000 yasinye amasezerano ya Arusha yamuhaye ububasha bwo kuguma ku butegetsi gushika mu 2003. Ayo masezerano ya Arusha ni nayo yatumye intambara yo kuva mu 2003 gushika mu 2006 yahitanye abagera ku bihumbi amajana atatu ihera.

Buyoya yashengeye aheruka gutanga imihoho mu mabanga y'intumwa idasanzwe y'Ubumwe bwa Afurika muri Mali na Sahel. Ni amabanga yavuyemwo avuga ko ashaka gufatira umwanya urubanza yaciriwe na Reta y'Uburundi imwagiriza kuba yaragize uruhara mw'igandagurwa rya Perezida Melchior Ndadaye.