WASHINGTON, DC —
Ku bantu benshi, Nelson Mandela yari intwali, umugabo udacika intege, ugendera ku mahame yemera kandi ureba kure. Akenshi yicishaga bugufi, aho ari nta rungu, yari mudatenguha kandi akaba umugabo utekereza kandi wita ku bandi.
Bwana Mandela yavutse ku italiki ya 18 z’ukwezi kwa 7, mu mwaka w’1918. Ubwo yari umusore, yatangiye kugira uruhare runini, muri muvoma yarwanyaga ivanguramoko, kandi yinjiye mu ishyaka ANC, African National Congress, mu mwaka wa 1940. Ishaka rya ANC ryashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1912.
Guverinema yari iyobowe n’abazungu yaciye ANC mu 1960, ariko uwo mutwe wakomeje gukorera mu bwihisho. Bwana Mandela, yayoboye ishami rya gisilikare ry’uwo mutwe, ryitwaga Unkhonto We Sizwe, ahuza ibikorwa byo kudurumbanya igisilikare cya Afrika y’Epfo na guverinema.
Mu 1962 yatawe muri yombi ajyanwa mu rukiko, kubera ibikorwa bye, kandi yakatiwe gufungwa ubuzima bwe bwose, muri gereza ya Robben Island, ku nkombe za Cape Town. Yamazemo imyaka 18, ahakanira guverinema imubwiye ko, ishobora kumurekura niyitandukanya n’igisilikare cya ANC. Ariko yaje kurekurwa mu 1990, nyuma y’uko prezida wa Afrika y’epfo, Frederick de Klerk, avuzeko amashyaka ya politiki yose, yemewe n’amategeko, akarekura impfungwa zose za politiki.
Nyuma gato, amaze gufungurwa, Bwana Mandela yatorewe kuba prezida w’ishyaka African National Congress (ANC). Mu 1994, ubwo ANC yatsinze amatora ya mbere yarimo amashyaka yose, bwana Mandela yimitswe nka prezida wa mbere w’umwirabura afite imyaka 75.
Prezida Mandela yavuze ko, ashobora kuguma ku butegetsi manda ye y’imyaka itanu gusa. Cohen avuga ko bwana Mandela yatumye amahanga yubaha Afrika y’epfo kubera ubumwe bw’igihugu.
Mu 1993, bwana Mandela yabonye igihembo cy’amahoro cyitiliwe Nobel, hamwe n’uwo bigeze kuba abanzi bwana de Klerk, kubera uruhare rwabo, mu nzira y’amahoro ya Afrika y’epfo. Nyuma yo kubona icyo gihembo, bwana Mandela yashimye abanyafrika y’epfo.
Ubwo yari prezida, bwana Mandela yanenzwe kuba atarahanganye n’icyorezo cya Sida muri Afrika y’epfo. Cyakora mu myaka ye ya nyuma, yahagurukiye kurwanya iyo ndwara ku mugaragaro.
Yanakomeje guharanira uburenganzira bw’abana. Mu gihugu cyamaze imyaka mu bushyamirane bw’amoko, Nelson Mandela, yabonwaga nk’umuyobozi mwiza, umugabo wahinduye afrika y’epfo, ayikura mu rugomo, n’urwango, kugirango igihugu kigere ku mahoro asesuye, n’ubwumvikane.
Mu kiganiro Dusangire Ijambo, umunyamakuru w'Ijwi ry'Amerika Etienne Karekezi yaganiye n'impuguke ku murage wa Nelson Mandela.
Bwana Mandela yavutse ku italiki ya 18 z’ukwezi kwa 7, mu mwaka w’1918. Ubwo yari umusore, yatangiye kugira uruhare runini, muri muvoma yarwanyaga ivanguramoko, kandi yinjiye mu ishyaka ANC, African National Congress, mu mwaka wa 1940. Ishaka rya ANC ryashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1912.
Guverinema yari iyobowe n’abazungu yaciye ANC mu 1960, ariko uwo mutwe wakomeje gukorera mu bwihisho. Bwana Mandela, yayoboye ishami rya gisilikare ry’uwo mutwe, ryitwaga Unkhonto We Sizwe, ahuza ibikorwa byo kudurumbanya igisilikare cya Afrika y’Epfo na guverinema.
Mu 1962 yatawe muri yombi ajyanwa mu rukiko, kubera ibikorwa bye, kandi yakatiwe gufungwa ubuzima bwe bwose, muri gereza ya Robben Island, ku nkombe za Cape Town. Yamazemo imyaka 18, ahakanira guverinema imubwiye ko, ishobora kumurekura niyitandukanya n’igisilikare cya ANC. Ariko yaje kurekurwa mu 1990, nyuma y’uko prezida wa Afrika y’epfo, Frederick de Klerk, avuzeko amashyaka ya politiki yose, yemewe n’amategeko, akarekura impfungwa zose za politiki.
Nyuma gato, amaze gufungurwa, Bwana Mandela yatorewe kuba prezida w’ishyaka African National Congress (ANC). Mu 1994, ubwo ANC yatsinze amatora ya mbere yarimo amashyaka yose, bwana Mandela yimitswe nka prezida wa mbere w’umwirabura afite imyaka 75.
Prezida Mandela yavuze ko, ashobora kuguma ku butegetsi manda ye y’imyaka itanu gusa. Cohen avuga ko bwana Mandela yatumye amahanga yubaha Afrika y’epfo kubera ubumwe bw’igihugu.
Mu 1993, bwana Mandela yabonye igihembo cy’amahoro cyitiliwe Nobel, hamwe n’uwo bigeze kuba abanzi bwana de Klerk, kubera uruhare rwabo, mu nzira y’amahoro ya Afrika y’epfo. Nyuma yo kubona icyo gihembo, bwana Mandela yashimye abanyafrika y’epfo.
Ubwo yari prezida, bwana Mandela yanenzwe kuba atarahanganye n’icyorezo cya Sida muri Afrika y’epfo. Cyakora mu myaka ye ya nyuma, yahagurukiye kurwanya iyo ndwara ku mugaragaro.
Yanakomeje guharanira uburenganzira bw’abana. Mu gihugu cyamaze imyaka mu bushyamirane bw’amoko, Nelson Mandela, yabonwaga nk’umuyobozi mwiza, umugabo wahinduye afrika y’epfo, ayikura mu rugomo, n’urwango, kugirango igihugu kigere ku mahoro asesuye, n’ubwumvikane.
Mu kiganiro Dusangire Ijambo, umunyamakuru w'Ijwi ry'Amerika Etienne Karekezi yaganiye n'impuguke ku murage wa Nelson Mandela.
