Umuhango uzamara iminsi itandatu wo kunamira no gusezera ku wahoze ari Perezida w’Amerika Jimmy Carter watangiye ku wa Gatandatu w'indwi iheze muri leta ya Georgia. Aha ari naho yatabarukiye ku itariki ya 29 y’ukwa 12 ku myaka 100 y’amavuko.
Ibikorwa bya mbere bijyanye n’uyu muhango byagarutse ku kuzamuka mu nzego za politiki kwa Bwana Carter, kuva ku kuvukira mu mujyi muto wa Plains muri Georgia, kugeza ku kumara ibinyacumi by’imyaka akora ibikorwa by’ubugiraneza ari nako aharanira demukarasi ku ruhando rw’isi.
Ibirori bibanza byahereye ku kuzirikana inkomoko ya Carter, mu cyaro cyo mu majyepfo ya leta ya Georgia. Uyu muhango watangiye isaa yine na 15 z’igitondo cyo kuwa Gatandatu ku masaha yo muri Georgia, ubwo umuryango wa Carter wageraga ku bitaro Phoebe Sumter Medical Center biri mu mujyi Americus. Aha abashinzwe umutekano we n’abahoze bamurinda bagejeje umurambo we ku mudoka yamuzengurukije mu mujyi wa Plains.
James Earl Carter Junior yamaze imyaka irenga 80 muri uyu mujyi no hafi yawo ku igera ku ijana atabarutse afite. Ni umujyi na n’ubu ugituwe n’abantu batageze kuri 700, kandi ntibarenze ku bari bawutuye ubwo yavukaga mu ku itariki ya mbere y’ukwa Cumi kw’1924.
Bamwe mu baperezida b’Amerika bo mu bihe bya vuba – nka Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan na Bill Clinton – nabo bakuriye mu mijyi mitoya. Icyakora Carter we akagira akarusho ko kuba yaragarutse akaguma muri uyu mujyi yavukiyemo nyuma y’aho aviriye ku buperezida.
Imodoka itwaye umurambo wa Carter n’iziyiherekeje zazengurutse mu mujyi wa Plains, mu muhanda uca hafi y’aho uwahoze ari umugore we Rosalynn Smith Carter, watabarutse mu kwa 11 kwa 2023 afite imyaka 96, yakuriye.
Izi modoka kandi zanyuze hafi y’aho umuryango wa Carter wagiraga ubuhunikiro bw’umusaruro w’ubunyobwa. Uru rugendo rwarimo no kunyura ku nyubako zahoze ari iza sitasiyo ya gariyamoshi, Jimmy Carter yifashishije nk’icyicaro cy’ibikorwa bye byo kwiyamamaza muw’1976, ndetse no kuri sitasiyo y’igitoro yahoze icungwa na murumuna we Billy.
Iyi modoka itwaye umurambo we n’iziyiherekeje kandi zanyuze ku rusengero rw’abametodisite aho Carter n’umugore we bashyingiriwe muw’1946, ndetse no ku nzu babayemo kugeza batabarutse. Aha ni naho uyu wahoze ari Perezida azashyingurwa, iruhande rw’imva y’umugore we Rosalynn.
Nyuma yo kuzenguruka umujyi wa Plains, imodoka zari mu mutambagiro zahagaze imbere y’isambu y’umuryango wa Carter ndetse n’aho yarerewe mu gace ka Archery, hanze y’umujyi. Ni nyuma yo gutambuka ku irimbi rishyinguwemo ababyeyi b’uyu wahoze ari Perezida, aribo James Earl Carter Sr. na Lilian Carter.
Iyi sambu ubu ni kimwe mu bice bigize Pariki y’igihugu y’amateka ya Carter. Aha, abashinzwe imicungire ya pariki z’igihugu bavugije inzogera inshuro 39 mu guha icyubahiro perezida wa 39 w’Amerika.
Carter yabaye perezida wa mbere wavukiye mu bitaro. Icyakora imuhira aho yakuriye ntibagiraga amashanyarazi cyangwa amazi yo mu rugo ubwo yavukaga. Kandi yahingaga mu isambu ya se umubyara mu gihe cy’ihungabana rikomeye ry’ubukungu ryabayeho mu mateka y’isi. Ariko kandi, umuryango wa Carter wari ufite amikoro aringaniye ukanagira uburyo wubashywemo. Earl yakoreshaga imiryango y’abirabura b’abakode.
Se wa Carter kandi yagiraga iduka mu mujyi wa Plains akaba n’umuyobozi mu bya politiki ku rwego rw’ibanze. Lillian we yari umuforomo ndetse yafashije mu ivuka rya Rosalynn.
Isambu y’umuryango wa Carter iracyarimo ikibuga cy’umukino wa tennis Earl yubakiye umuryango we.
Urupfu rwa Earl muw’1953 nirwo rwateye Jimmy kwiyamamariza ubuperezida. Carter wari ukiri muto yari yaravuye muri Plains ubwo yarangizaga amasomo mu ishuri ry’ingabo zirwanira mu mazi. Ariko Jimmy yaretse umwuga we watangaga icyizere nk’umusirikare wari umaze kwinjizwa muri porogaramu ya Minisiteri y’ingabo yerekeranye n’ingufu za nikleyeri, yemera kujya kuyobora ubushabitsi bw’igihingwa cy’ubunyobwa nyuma y’urupfu rwa se. Imyaka 10 nyuma yaho yatorewe ubusenateri muri Georgia.
Zivuye muri Archery, imodoka itwaye umurambo n’iziyiherekeje berekeje i Atlanta mu majyaruguru. Uyu mutambagiro w’imodoka za gisirikare wahagaze ku ngoro y’inteko nshingamategeko ya leta ya Georgia, aho Carter yakoreye nka senateri kuva uw’1963 kugeza muw’1967, akanahakorera nka guverineri kuva muw’1971 kugeza muw’1975.
Aha, Guverineri wa leta ya Georgia Brian Kemp ndetse na Meya w’umujyi wa Atlanta, Andrew Dickens bayoboye ibikorwa byo kumwunamira. Mu gihe abahoze ari abaguverineri bahabwa icyobahiro cyo kubasezeraho ku rwego rwa leta, abaperezida bo – kabone n’iyo baba barabayeho ba guverineri – basezerwaho mu mihango yo ku rwego rw’igihugu iyoborwa na guverinoma yo ku rwego rw’igihugu.
Nyuma y’aha, imodoka itwaye umurambo n’iziyiherekeje zakomereje ku cyigo cyitiriwe Perezida Carter, kirimo isomero ndetse n’ikigo The Carter Center, cyashinzwe y’uyu wahoze ari umukuru w’igihugu hamwe n’umufasha we muw’1982.
Umuhungu wa Carter, James Earl ‘Chip’ Carter III, n’umwuzukuru we, Jason Carter, bagejeje ijambo ku bari bakoraniye aho barimo abakozi benshi b’ikigo Carter Center, gikora akazi kibanda kuri dipolomasi mpuzamahanga n’ubuhuza, ubugenzuzi ku migendekere y’amatora, no kurwanya indwara z’ibyorezo mu bihugu bikennye. Iki kikaba gikomeje kuba intangarugero ku byo abahoze ari abaperezida bashobora kugeraho.
Jimmy Carter, wakomeje gutanga raporo ngarukamwaka z’iki kigo kugeza muw’2019, yegukanye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel cy’uwaharaniye amahoro cya 2002. Mu byashingiweho hakaba harimo n’ibyo yakoze nyuma y’aho aviriye ku buperezida.
Aha mu kigo Carter Center, umurambo wa Bwana Carter ni ho uruhukiye mu cyubahiro guhera saa moya z’umugoroba wo kuri uyu wa gatandatu kugeza saa kumi n’ebyiri za mu gitondo cyo kuwa Kabiri w’icyumeru gitaha kugira ngo rubanda rumusezereho mu cyubahiro.
Nyuma yo kuwa kabiri, umurambo wa Carter uzajyanwa i Washington, aho uzaba uruhukiye mu ngoro y’inteko nshingamategeko Capitol kugeza isaa yine za mu gitondo cyo kuwa Kane, ubwo hazaba amasengesho yo kumuherekeza muri Katedrali ya Washington.
Abaperezida bose bakiriho baratumiwe, kandi Joe Biden, umunywanyi wa Carter, azavuga ijambo ryo kumusezeraho. Biden kandi yasinye itegeko ryemeza kwitirira Jimmy na Rosalynn Carter ibiro by’iposita byo mu mujyi wa Plains.
Nyuma y’aha, umuryango wa Carter uzahita ujya gushyingura umubyeyi wabo nyuma y’umuhango wo kumusezeraho ku rwego rw’umuryango. Uwo ukazabera mu rusengero Maranatha Baptist Church, aho Carter, wari umuvugabutumwa uhamye, yamaze ibinyacumi by’imyaka atanga inyigisho zo ku Cyumweru zigenewe abana. Carter azashyingurwa mu muhango wihariye, mu kibanza kiri imbere y’ibaraza ry’inzu ye.
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