Narges Mohammadi, impirimbanyi y’uburenganzira y’umunya Irani ni we wegukanye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel cy’uwaharaniye amahoro cy’uyu mwaka. Ni igihembo yegukanye ari mu buroko.
Abatanga iki gihembo bavuze ko agihawe mu kuzirikana ubutarambirwa bwe mu guharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu na demukarasi ndetse no kurwanya igihano cy’urupfu.
Mohammadi w’imyaka 51 y’amavuko, yakomeje ibikorwa bye byo guhirimbanira uburenganzira kabone nubwo yagiye afungwa kenshi n’abategetsi ba Irani ndetse akamara imyaka myinshi muri gereza.
Bibaye ku nshuro ya gatanu igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel cy’uwaharaniye amahoro gihawe umuntu ufunze mu mateka y’imyaka irenga 120 kimaze gitangwa.
Berit Reiss-Andersen, umuyobozi wa komite ishinzwe itangwa ry’ibihembo byitiriwe Nobel, ubwo yatangarizaga uwegukanye igihembo i Oslo muri Noruveje, yagize ati:
“Iki gihembo mbere na mbere ni icyo gushimira akazi k’ingenzi cyane kakozwe n’uyu muryango hamwe n’umuyobozi wawo udashidikanywaho, Narges Mohammadi.”
Madamu Reiss-Andersen yavuze ko komite yizeye ko “ubu ari uburyo bwo gutera uyu muryango umurava ngo ukomeze akazi kawo mu buryo ubona bukwiye.” Yanahamagariye Irani kurekura Mohammadi mbere y’itangwa ry’iki gihembo ku itariki 10 y’ukwa 12.
Hafi ubuzima bwa Muhammadi bwose, Irani yagenderaga ku butegetsi bushingiye ku idini bw’abashiite bukuriwe n’umutegetsi w’ikirenga w’igihugu.
Mu gihe abagore bemerewe kujya mu mirimo, mu buyobozi bw’amashuri ndetse bakaba banahabwa imyanye mu nzego za leta, ubuzima bwabo buracyagenzurwa cyane bikabije.
Amategeko ategeka abagore bose kwambara umwitandiro utwikira umutwe, uzwi nka hijab, mu rwego rwo guhisha imisatsi yabo nk’ikimenyetso cyo kugandukira Imana. Irani n’umuturanyi wayo Afuganisitani ni byo bihugu byonyine ibi byabigize itegeko.
Mu nyandiko yoherereje ikinyamakuru The New York Times, Mohammadi yagize ati:
“Gushyigikirwa ku isi no gushimira ubuvugizi nkora ku burenganzira bwa muntu bituma ndushaho kumva niyemeje kubikomeza, nkarushaho kwiyumvamo izo nshingano, nkarushaho gushishikara kandi binyongerera icyizere.”
Yongeyeho ko “yizeye ko iki gihembo kiza kongerera imbaraga abanya Irani bigaragambya basaba impinduka bakarushaho kubikora neza.” Ati: “intsinzi iri bugufi.”
Madamu Reiss-Andersen yavuze ko Mohammadi amaze gufungwa inshuro 13 ndetse agakatirwa inshuro eshanu muri izo. Yose hamwe, amaze gukatirwa imyaka 31 y’igifungo.
Ifungwa riheruka rya Mohammadi ryatangiye ubwo yafungwaga muw’2021 nyuma yo kwitabira imihango yo gushyingura umuntu wiciwe mu myigaragambyo yaturutse kw’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Afungiye muri gereza ya Evin Prison y’i Teheran izwiho kuba mbi cyane. Mu bayifungirwamo haba harimo abakekwaho ko hari ibyo baba bakorana n’ibihugu byo mu burengerazuba bw’isi hamwe n’imfungwa za politiki.
Ihohoterwa ry’abagore mu magereza ryaba iryo ku mubiri n’irishingiye ku gitsina, ikintu Mohammadi yarwanyije yaba ari hanze ndetse anafunze, na n’ubu riracyari icyorezo.
Narges Mohammadi abaye umugore wa 19 utsindiye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel cy’uwaharaniye amahoro, akaba n’umunyayirani wa kabiri, nyuma ya Shirin Ebadi, impirimbandi y’uburenganzira bwa muntu yagitsindiye muw’2003.
Umwaka ushize Ales Bialiatski, impirimbanyi y’uburenganzira bwa muntu y’umunyabiyerorusiya ni we wari watsindiye iki gihembo. Nawe yagitsindiye ari muri gereza kandi na n’ubu aracyafunzwe.
Mohammadi yari muri gereza ubwo habaga imyigaragambyo ikomeye iheruka muri Irani yari itewe n’urupfu rwa Mahsa Amini wiciwe muri kasho ya polisi. Iyi ni yo myigaragambyo yateje ibibazo bikomeye mu mateka y’ubutegetsi bw’idini bwa Irani.
Abantu barenga 500 biciwe mu mikwabu y’inzego zishinzwe umutekano mu gihe abagera ku bihumbi 22 batawe muri yombi.
Icyo gihe aho yari muri gereza, Mohammadi yanditse inkuru y’igitekerezo yatambutse mu kinyamakuru The New York Times. Yagize ati: “Icyo leta ishobora kuba idasobanukiwe, ni uko uko badufunga ku bwinshi, ari nako turushaho kugira imbaraga.”
Mbere y’uko afungwa, Narges Mohammadi yari umuyobozi wungirije w’umuryango “Defenders of Human Rights Center” wahagaritswe muri Irani. Ebadi, usanzwe ari inshuti ya hafi ye, ni we washinze uyu muryango.
Igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel cy’uwaharaniye amahoro kijyana n’ishimwe ringana na miliyoni 11 z’amasuwede – ajya kungana na miliyoni imwe y’amadolari y’Amerika. Ugitsindiye kandi ahabwa umudari w’izahabu ya kara 18 ndetse n’impamyabushobozi.
Igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel cy’uwaharaniye amahoro cyatangajwe kuri uyu wa gatanu cyari icya gatanu gitangajwe mu by’uyu mwaka.
Itangazwa ry’abatsindiye ibihembo byitiriwe Nobel by’uyu mwaka rizasozwa kuwa mbere utaha, hatangazwa uwatsindiye icyo mu cyiciro cy’ubukungu.
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