Raporo y’umuryango mpuzamahanga uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, HRW wo muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika, irashinja abategetsi b’u Rwanda gufata nabi no gukorera iyicarubozo imfungwa. Iyo raporo y’amapaji 23 yiswe, tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda, "Banjanditse mu mazi hanyuma barankubita" , yasohotse kuri uyu wa kabiri.
Ni raporo iragaruka ku iyicarubozo no gufatwa nabi byakorewe imfungwa, bikozwe n’abategetsi b’amagereza ndetse n’izindi mfungwa mu magereza ya Nyarugenge mu murwa mukuru Kigali, muri gereza ya Rubavu mu burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda, cyo kimwe no mu kigo gifungirwamo bitemewe kiri i Kigali, kizwi nko Kwa Gacinya.
Umuryango HRW uvuga ko abacamanza nabo bagiye birengagiza ibirego by’iyicarubozo by’abantu bafunzwe mu manza zerekeye ifungwa ridakurikije amategeko no gufatwa nabi. Ibyo nabyo uyu muryango ukavuga ko byatumye haba kwimika burundu umuco wo kudahana.
Clementine Montjoye, umushakashatsi mukuru mu ishami rishinzwe Afurika muri HRW yagize ati:
“Ubushakashatsi bwacu bwerekana ko kuva mu myaka myinshi, abategetsi bashinzwe amagereza bagiye bemererwa gukorera iyicarubozo abagororwa, nta guhanwa na mba, bigaragaza inenge ziri mu nzego zishinzwe kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu mu Rwanda.”
HRW Igaragaza Ibimenyetso Ishingiraho
Icyakora uyu mushakashatsi akongeraho ko “urubanza rw’amateka rw’abategetsi b’amagereza rwasojwe mu kwa Kane k’uyu mwaka rugaragaza intambwe y’ingenzi igana ku kuryozwa ibyaha.”
Ariko akongeraho ko “hakenewe igisubizo gishyitse kurushaho kugira ngo uyu mugenzo w’iyicarubozo washinze imizi mu Rwanda urandurwe.”
Mu bushakashatsi bwayo ivuga ko yakoze hagati y’umwaka wa 2019 n’uw’2024, HRW ivuga ko yagiranye ibiganiro n’abantu 28. Abo barimo abahoze ari abafungwa 13, bafungiwe ahantu hatemewe no muri za gereza za Rubavu na Nyarugenge hagati y’umwaka w’2017 n’uwa 2024.
Uyu muryango kandi uvuga ko wanasuzumye ibiganiro byo ku rubuga rwa YouTube by’abahoze bafunze. Abo ngo basobanuye uburyo bagiye bakorerwa iyicarubozo aho babaga bafungiye. HRW, muri raporo yayo, ivuga ko yanasesenguye inyandiko zo mu butabera z’imanza z’abantu 53.
Bamwe muri abo, uyu muryango uvuga ko banatanze ubuhamya mu rubanza rwa Innocent Kayumba, wahoze ategeka gereza ya Nyarugenge n’iya Rubavu, yareganwagamo n’abandi bantu 17, bose bashinjwaga iyicarubozo, gukubita no gukomeretsa byagambiriwe, ubwicanyi n’ibindi byaha.
Aba bahoze ari abafungwa batekerereje HRW inzira y’umusaraba abafungwa banyuramo mu cyiswe Yorodani, kiba muri izi gereza zombi.
Aha, imfungwa zijandikwa ku gahato mu kintu cyuzuye amazi y’ibiziba ari nako zikubitwa. Bamwe bongeyeho ko abafungwa nyuma yo kuvanwa muri ayo mazi bagiye bahatirwa kwiruka mu kibuga n’ibirenge bisa kugera ubwo bituye hasi.
Uyu muryango uvuga ko Innocent Kayumba, yabanje kuyobora gereza ya Rubavu mbere yo kwimurirwa mu ya Nyarugenge muw’2019 – umwaka wabereyemo iyicwa ry’umugororwa yaje kuburanishwaho ashinjwa kugiramo uruhare.
Abigeze gufungirwa muri gereza ya Nyarugenge babwiye HRW ko Kayumba ageze muri iyo gereza, yashyizeho gahunda nk’iyo yari yarashinze mu ya Rubavu yo gukorera abafungwa iyicarubozo.
Uyu muryango muri raporo yawo uvuga ko wabonye amazina 11 y’abafungwa, byemezwa n’abahoze bafunganywe nabo ko baguye muri iyi gereza bazize inkoni. Nyinshi mu ngero nk’izi, uyu muryango uvuga ko zagarutsweho no mu rubanza rwa Kayumba Innocent.
Umuryango HRW uvuga ko wagiye ubona imikorere ikomeza kugarukwaho yo gufata nabi abafungwa, kubica, kubakubita no kubakorera iyicarubozo bibera ahazwi nko Kwa Gacinya kuva muw’2011.
Aha Kwa Gacinya, abigeze kuhafungirwa babwiye uyu muryango ko abafungwa bashyirwa mu dukasho tumeze “nk’isanduku bashyinguramo” bakanakubitwa buri munsi. Aha, ngo bakubitwa bahatirwa kwemera ibyaha baba baregwa, mbere yo kwimurirwa mu bigo byemewe bifungirwamo.
Umuryango HRW uvuga ko hari amakuru wabonye ko ubu Kwa Gacinya hakoreshwa nk’inyubako z’ibiro by’igipolisi. Nyamara isoko ebyiri zifite aho zihuriye n’inzego z’umutekano uyu muryango wavugishije, zawubwiye ko ibikorwa nk’ibyo n’ubundi bikihakorerwa, mu gice cy’inyubako cyo munsi y’ubutaka.
Ku itariki ya 5 y’ukwezi kwa Kane muri uyu mwaka, urukiko rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu rwahamije Innocent Kayumba icyaha cy’urugomo n’icyo kwica umugororwa wari ufungiye muri gereza ya Rubavu muw’2019, rumuhanisha gufungwa imyaka 15, n’ihazabu ya miliyoni eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.
Babiri mu bandi bakozi b’urwego rw’amagereza ndetse n’abagororwa barindwi, bashinjwaga gukorera ku mabwiriza ye, nabo bahamijwe ibyaha byo gukubita no kwica abandi bafungwa. Ni mu gihe abandi bakozi batatu b’urwego rw’amagereza – RCS bo bagizwe abere.
Kubw’umuryango HRW, uru rubanza rwatanze ubutabera bw’igice. Ibyo uyu muryango ubihera ku kuba abategetsi barahamijwe ibyaha byo gukubita no gukomeretsa bigambiriwe ndetse n’icy’ubwicanyi gusa. Nyamara bagahanagurwaho icyaha cy’iyicarubozo, gihanishwa igihano kiremereye kurushaho iyo cyakozwe n’abantu bari mu nzego z’ubutegetsi.
Ibi kandi uyu muryango uranabishingira ku kuba hari abategetsi bakuru bo mu rwego rw’amagereza bagizwe abere hirengagijwe ibimenyetso bikomeye bibashinja byatanzwe n’abahoze ari abagororwa.
Ikindi uyu muryango uheraho uvuga ko ubutabera bwatanzwe igice, ni uko abagororwa, bahawe amabwiriza yo gukubita bagenzi babo, ari bo bahawe ibihano biremereye kugeza ku myaka 25 y’igifungo.
Umuco wo Gutambamira Ubutabera
Mu bindi umuryango HRW ugarukaho muri raporo yawo, uravugamo ko komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu mu Rwanda nta bwisanzure ifite. Ikaba yewe itaragize ubushobozi cyangwa ubushake bwo kugaragaza ahari ibibazo by’iyicarubozo.
Uyu muryango uvuga ko abategetsi b’u Rwanda bahora batambamira imirimo y’inzego zishinzwe kugenzura uburyo abantu bafunzwemo no gukumira iyicarubozo. Ko ku ruhando mpuzamahanga, guverinoma y’u Rwanda yitambitse umurimo w’igenzura ry’ingenzi rikorwa mu buryo bwigenga, rigakorwa na LONI n’izindi nzego.
Mu kwa Gatanu k’uyu mwaka, HRW ivuga ko yasabye guhura na minisitiri w’ubutabera w’u Rwanda ndetse n’umuyobozi wa Komisiyo y’uburenganzira bwa muntu, kugira ngo bagire icyo bavuga ku myanzuro y’ibanze y’ubu bushakashatsi. HRW ivuga ko ibyo bitashobotse, kuko umushakashatsi mukuru w’uyu muryango yangiwe gukandagira ku butaka bw’u Rwanda, akigera ku kibuga cy’indege cya Kigali.
Uyu muryango kandi uravuga ko ku itariki ya 10 y’ukwezi gushize kwa Cyenda, wandikiye minisitiri w’ubutabera n’umuyobozi wa komisiyo y’uburenganzira bwa muntu, ubasaba gutanga imyanzuro yabo, ariko nta gisubizo wabonye.
HRW igasoza isaba u Rwanda kubahiriza ibikubiye mu itegeko nshinga ryarwo ndetse n’inshingano rwiyemeje mu bijyanye n’uburenganzira bwa muntu zikubiye mu masezerano mpuzamahanga y’uburenganzira bwa muntu. By’umwihariko, gukumira burundu iyicarubozo n’ibikorwa by’ubugome, bitesha agaciro ikiremwa-muntu.
Uyu muryango kandi urasaba abaterankunga b’u Rwanda, by’umwihariko ab’urwego rw’ubutabera, nk’umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi, gushyira igitutu kuri guverinoma y’u Rwanda, kugira ngo yongere umuhate ku buryo abagira uruhare mu bikorwa by’iyicarubozo bose baburanishwa bagacirwa imanza.
HRW iranasaba u Rwanda gukora iperereza ryimbitse ku bikorwa by’iyicarubozo bibera mu magereza y’icyo gihugu. Iyu muryango, ukavuga ko kugira ngo iryo perereza rigire ireme, u Rwanda rwasaba ubufasha bw’inzobere za komisiyo nyafurika y’uburenganzira bwa muntu n’izo muri LONI.
Mu gusoza iyi raporo, Madamu Clementine de Montjoye agira ati:
“Urubanza rwa Kayumba Innocent ntirugaragaza gusa ibibazo bikomeye biri mu nzego zishinzwe igorora mu Rwanda, ahubwo runagaragaza inenge zikomeye ku rwego rw’ubutabera na komisiyo y’igihugu y’uburenganzira bwa muntu. Izi nzego zagakwiye gukora iperereza ryimbitse ku iyicarubozo n’ifatwa nabi, zikanakora amavugurura y’imikorere akenewe.”
Ijwi ry'Amerika yabajije leta y'u Rwanda uko yakiriye iyi raporo ya Human Rights Watch. Mu butumwa bwanditse umuvugizi wa Leta y’u Rwanda, Yolande Mokolo, yahaye Ijwi ry’Amerika, agira ati: “Umuryango HRW si wo ufite ubuzare bwihariye ku burenganzira bwa muntu; kandi wakomeje kugaragaza kenshi ko utari isoko ya nyayo cyangwa yo kwizerwa, mu gihe bakomeje kwibasira u Rwanda n’inkuru z’inshurano, nk’uko babigenje muw’2017. Icyo gihe, abanyarwanda benshi HRW yavugaga ko “bishwe batagejejwe mu butabera” bazizwa kwiba ihene n’imbuto, bagaragaye ari bazima mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru cyari cyateguwe na Komisiyo y’u Rwanda y’uburenganzira bwa muntu.”