Kuri uyu wa gatatu, ubwo Perezida w’Amerika Joe Biden araba asura Angola, azagaruka cyane ku murage asize ari wo mushinga w’ibikorwa-remezo ugamije gutunganya inzira z’ubuhahirane z’ingenzi ku mugabane w’Afurika.Uyu mushinga wiswe Umuhora wa Lobito ni wo zingiro ry’ingamba z’ubutegetsi bwe mu guhangana n’ingufu z’Ubushinwa mu iterambere ry’isi.
Lobito Corridor - Umuhora wa Lobito tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda, ni umushinga w’ishoramari rya miliyari eshanu z’amadolari ryakozwe mu nzego nyinshi zinyuranye. Uyu mushinga ugamije kuvugurura no kwagura umuhanda wa gariyamoshi wa Benguela w’ibirometero 1,300.
Uyu uzahuza icyambu cya Lobito cyo muri Angola ku nyanja ya Atlantika kimaze imyaka 120 na Repubulika ya Demukarasi ya Kongo. Icyiciro cya akabiri cy’uyu mushinga, kikazahuza iki cyambu n’igihugu cya Zambiya. Igice kinini cy’ingengo y’imari y’uyu mushinga, watangajwe mu kwa Cyenda kwa 2023, kizatangwa n’ikigo Partneship for Global Infrastructure and Investment – PGI mu mpine.
PGI ni ikigo cyashinzwe muw’2022, gahunda y’ishingwa ryacyo irangajwe imbere na Perezida Biden w’Amerika. Umugambi w’ishingwa ryacyo uhuriwemo n’itsinda ry’ibihugu birindwi bya mbere bikize ku isi.Uwo wavuye muri gahunda yabyo byise Build Back Better World – Kongera kubaka isi nziza tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda. Iyo gahunda yatangijwe muw’2021 nk’uburyo bwo guhangana na Belt and Road Initiative, gahunda y’Ubushinwa yibanda ku kubaka ibikorwa-remezo muri Afurika.
Nutangira gukora, uyu muhanda uzongera cyane uburyo bwo kubona amabuye y’agaciro y’ingenzi arimo cobalt n’umuringa kuri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo. Aya ni amabuye y’ingenzi cyane mu gukora imodoka zitwarwa n’amashanyarazi.
Nk’uko raporo y’inteko nshingamategeko y’Amerika ibyerekana, 80 ku ijana by’ibirombe by’amabuye y’umuringa bya Kongo bifitwe n’Abashinwa. Ubushinwa bugenzura hejuru ya 85 ku ijana by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ya Kongo y’imboneka-hake ku isi, harimo na 76 ku ijana bya Cobalt y’iki gihugu.
Kuwa Kabiri w’icyumweru gishize, mu kiganiro yahaye abanyamakuru ubwo yari kuri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga y’Amerika, Helaina Matza, umuhuzabikorwa wa PGI, yavuze ko Umuhora wa Lobito witezweho kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ubwikorezi, kugururira amayira ahantu h’ubutaka burumbuka, no kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubukungu rihangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Madamu Matza yavuze ko ishoramari ry’ikigo PGI “rizongera umusaruro w’ibikorwa-remezo” hamwe n’imishinga nko guteza imbere amashanyarazi aturuka ku mirasire y’izuba, kongera imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi mu gihugu, ndetse no kubaka inganda zisukura amazi.
Uyu mushinga ushyigikiwe cyane na Perezida Joao Lourenco wa Angola. Angola ibereyemo Ubushinwa umwenda wa miliyari 17 z’amadolari, ni ukuvuga arenga kimwe cya gatatu cy’umwenda wose iki gihugu gifite.
Uyu mwenda ahanini wagiye uza mu nguzanyo zo kubaka ibikorwa-remezo, byombi hamwe na peteroli y’iki gihugu, bikaba byarafashije mu izahuka ry’ubukungu nyuma y’intambara igihugu cyamazemo imyaka 30, yarangiye muw’2002.
Mu kwezi kwa Munani kwa 2022, ubutegetsi bwa Biden bwatangije gahunda nshya y’ingamba zigamije imibanire n’Afurika. Iyo gahunda igaragaza Afurika nk’ahantu h’ingenzi ku nyungu z’umutekano w’Amerika.
Mu mpera z’uwo mwaka kandi, Perezida Biden yakiriye inama ihuza Leta Zunze Ubumwe n’Afurika, aho yijeje ko Amerika igihe gukora ishoramari rya miliyari 55 muri Afurika mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu.
Frances Brown, umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ibibazo by’Afurika mu kamana k’Amerika gashinzwe umutekano, kuwa kabiri w’icyumweru gishize, yabwiye abanyamakuru ko, iryo shoramari rigeze ku kigero cya 80 ku ijana rishyirwa mu ngiro.
Icyakora Mvemba Phezo Dizolele, umuyobozi wa Porogaramu ishinzwe Afurika mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi Center for Strategic and International Studies, avuga ko menshi muri aya mafaranga yashowe muri porogaramu zisanzweho, kandi ibyo bitazanye imishinga mishya migari cyane iboneka ku muturage usanzwe w’umunyafurika.
Mu gihe Perezida watowe Donald Trump azatangira inshingano mu kwa Mbere kuje, hari abibaza niba imishinga migari muri Afurika nka Lobito Corridor izakomeza no kuri ubu butegetsi bushya.
Mu gihe bamwe bafite impungenge ko umuhate wa Amerika kuri Afurika ushobora kugabanuka bitewe n’ihame ngengamitegekere rya Trump rya America First, abasesenguzi bo bashimangira ko nta mpungenge zikwiye kubaho.
Ibyo bakabishingira ku kuba no muri manda ye ya mbere, ubutegetsi bwa Trump bwaragiye bushyiraho gahunda zigamije iterambere ry’Afurika.
Izo zirimo iyiswe Prosper Africa yatangijwe muw’2018, igamije guhuriza hamwe serivisi za guverinoma zafasha abashoramari b’abanyamerika gushora imari yabo kuri uyu mugabane.
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