Perezida Vladimir Putin w’Uburusiya yiteguye kwegukana manda ya gatanu ku butegetsi kuri iki cyumweru kije. Ni mu matora amara iminsi itatu atagibwaho impaka habe na nke, ibizamuhesha kuguma ku butegetsi kugeza muw’2030, yewe no muw’2036 – mu gihe yaba yongeye kwiyamamaza.
Gusa benshi mu basesenguzi bizera ko ahubwo uyu munyagitugu w’imyaka 71 y’amavuko azategeka iki gihugu cya miliyoni 146 z’abaturage ubuzima bwe bwose. Ariko se kuki ari Putin buri gihe ugomba gutsinda?
Ubusanzwe uku si ko byajyaga kumera. Mu itegeko-nshinga ry’Uburusiya, manda ya nyuma ya Putin ku butegetsi yajyaga kurangira muw’2008. Ariko abinyujije mu manyanga yo kugurana imyanya, yahise ategeka Uburusiya nka Minisitiri w’intebe indi myaka ine. Ni nyuma yo guhinduranya umwanya na Dmitry Medvedev wahise aba perezida.
Muw’2012 Putin yongeye kugaruka kwiyamamariza ubuperezida, ibyateje imyigaragambyo ya rubanda ariko itaragize icyo ihindura.
Mu mwaka w’2020, Bwana Putin yashyize impinduka mu itegeko-nshinga binyuze mu matora yaranzwe n’amahinyu hirya no hino mu gihugu. Izo mpinduka zamwemereraga kwiyamamariza izindi manda ebyiri z’imyaka itandatu buri imwe.
Kuki Putin Atsinda Amatora Igihe Cyose?
Putin yigwijeho ubutegetsi bwose bidasubirwaho, ashoza intambara ku bihugu bya Georgia na Ukraine kandi asenya urwego rw’abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi mu Burusiya.
Abategetsi babiri b’ingenzi mu batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi barapfuye.
Abo nabo ni Boris Nemtsov warasiwe hafi y’ingoro y’umukuru w’igihugu – Kremlin muw’2015, ndetse na Alexei Navalny warokotse irogwa ryari ryategetswe n’ubutegetsi muw’2020, ariko akaza gupfa aguye muri gereza mu kwezi gushize. Umugore we avuga ko yishwe ku mabwiriza yitangiwe na perezida Putin ubwe.
Abandi batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bakomeye ubu bamwe barafunzwe, abandi baracecekeshejwe cyangwa se bahunze igihugu. Nyuma yo gukubura ikibuga bene aka kageni, ibiro by’umukuru w’igihugu – Kremlin, ubu bisubizanya uburakari ku bivugwa ko demukarasi y’Uburusiya ari icyitiriro.
Mu cyumweru gishize, Dmitry Peskov, umuvugizi wa perezida Putin yavuze ko ubutegetsi bw’Uburusiya butazihanganira inengwa nk’iryo. Ati: “Demukarasi yacu ni agahebuzo kandi tuzakomeza kuyubaka.”
Ubutegetsi bwa Putin bwagiye bukoresha amayeri yo kugaragaza ko akunzwe cyane ngo bubashe guhindura ibijyanye n’amatora mu nyungu ze. Ibyo ni nko gukoresha rubanda ngo rutakambe rusaba ko yagumya gutegeka.
Ibyo biheruka kuba mu kwa 12 k’umwaka ushize, mu gikorwa cyari cyateguwe na Kremlin – ubwo Artyom Zhoga, umukuru w’abiyonkoye kuri Ukraine, yasabaga Putin kuzongera akiyamamaza.
Ikinyamakuru Washington Post kivuga ko kuva yasimbura Boris Yeltsin wari ugiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru mu myaka 24 ishize, Bwana Putin yagiye asenya inzego za demukarasi.
Ko yafashe itangazamakuru, inkiko, inteko nshingamategeko ibereho kwemeza ibyo ashaka, komisiyo y’amatora idafite icyo ivuze, byose abishyira munsi y’igenzura rikabije rya leta. Utavuze rumwe nawe uwo ararimburwa. Kunenga intambara nabyo byahinduwe icyaha.
Itangazamakuru riri mu kwaha kwa Kremlin umurimo risigaranye, ni uw’icengezamatwara ryo kwemeza abarusiya ko Putin wenyine ari we wazana ituze mu gihugu. Rikagaragaza ibitero Uburusiya bwashoje kuri Ukraine nk’intambara y’ugupfa no gukira umuryango wo gutabarana wa OTAN uhanganyemo n’Uburusiya, kandi ko Putin wenyine ari we wabasha kuyitsinda.
Niba Putin Yiteguye Gutsinda, Kuki Amatora Akorwa?
Amatora yo mu Burusiya amara iminsi itatu, ibifungurira imiryango abahindura ibyashyizwe mu dusanduku tw’itora. Mu turere 27 tugize Uburusiya ndetse no mu tundi tubiri twa Ukraine bwigaruriye, abatora bakoresha ikoranabuhanga ry'ubwiru, ryanenzwe cyane kuba ritagira uburyo bwo kugenzura amajwi.
Mu matora y’abadepite yabaye muw’2021, ikoreshwa ry’ubu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga mu turere twinshi ryahaye intsinzi abakandida icyenda bashyigikiwe na Kremlin nyamara bari batsinzwe mu itora ryo ku mpapuro.
Abakozi ba leta n’ab’ibigo bigenzurwa na leta ni bo bashyigikira cyane ubutegetsi bwa Kremlin, aho benshi muri bo bungukira mu mikorere yabwo yuje ubwiru na ruswa. Mu kugaragaza ubudahemuka bwabo ku butegetsi, basabwa kwereka abakoresha babo amafoto ku matelefoni yabo agaragaza aho batoreye abakandida bashyigikiwe n’ubutegetsi bw’Uburusiya.
Golos, umuryango wigenga ukora ibijyanye no kuba indorereze mu matora, washinjwe n’ubutegetsi ko ukorera inyungu z’amahanga kandi umuyobozi wawo Grigory Melkonyants ubu arafunze, aho ategereje kuburana.
Icyakora abasesenguzi basanga, mu gihe Bwana Putin asanzwe yizeye intsinzi nk’uko bisanzwe, itora ryo ku cyumweru kuri we rigamije ukwemerwa k’urwiyerurutso. Ibyo nabyo bikamufasha kwireherezaho abarusiya ku bwinshi ngo bashyigikire intambara yashoje kuri Ukraine.
Iri tora kandi rigamije guhamya ibyimbo by’Uburusiya mu turere twa Ukraine bwigaruriye mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Aha bikaba byitezwe ko abakozi b’urwego rushinzwe amatora ndetse n’abasirikare bitwaje intwaro bazazenguruka mu batuye utwo turere, umuryango ku wundi babasaba kujya gutora.
Ni nde Ahanganye na Putin mu Matora
Mu matora yo ku cyumweru kandi bigaragara ko mu by’ukuri nta mazina akomeye muri politiki Putin azaba ahanganye nayo. Ugeregeza muri bo ni Nikolai Kharitonov, umusaza w’imyaka 75 y’amavuko wo mu ishyaka rigendera ku matwara ya gikomunisite.
Uyu muw’2004 yari yiyamamaje ahanganye na Bwana Putin, abona amajwi 13 ku ijana.
Ikusanyabitekerezo riheruka gukorwa n’ikigo VCIOM cya leta ryagaragaje ko Putin azagira amajwi angana na 82 ku ijana mu itora ryo kuri iki cyumweru.
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