Kuva ku wa mbere Arusha muri Tanzania hateraniye inama yiga ikibazo cyo kudahana mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari.
Iyo nama yateguwe n'impuzamashyirahamwe y'imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bw'ikiremwamuntu mu karere k'ibiyaga bigari, ifatanije na Human Rights Watch. Ihuje intumwa z’imiryango mpuzamahanga iharanira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa-muntu, abahanga b’Urukiko rw’Arusha, n’abanyamakuru bo mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari.
Mu miryango yohereje intumwa muri iyo nama harimo Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, I.C.G [International Crisis Group], Commission Justice et Paix, IBUKA n’indi.
Mu byo iyo nama imaze kwibandaho cyane harimo imiterere n'imikorere y’inkiko mpuzamahanga n'inkiko zo mu Burundi, mu Rwanda, no muri Repuburika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, RDC.
Muri rusange abatumiwe mu nama basanga inkiko zo mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari zidafite ubushobozi buhagije, haba mu bikoresho cyangwa mu bakozi bo mu butabera. Ibyo ngo bituma zitabasha gukorera mu bwisanzure buhagije.
Ikindi ngo ni uburumbuke bw’imanza zisumba ubushobozi bw’inkiko kubera ibyaha byinshi bikorerwa mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari, birimo kwicana, kwibisha intwaro, gufata ku ngufu no kwangiza abana, amahugu, n’ibindi.
Ibyo na byo ngo bituma amategeko ajyanye n'ifungwa n'irekurwa atubahirizwa, ndetse n’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa-muntu bugahutazwa, umuntu agafungwa igihe kirekire ataburanye, yaburana akaburana nta we umwungiriza, cyangwa urubanza rwe ntirurangizwe.
Indi ngaruka ni uko habaho amaperereza atarangira kubera inyungu za poritike cyangwa se n'ubushobozi buke, bigatuma nk'abantu bicwa, ababigizemo uruhare ntibamenyekane.
Aho bikomeye cyane ni mu gihugu cya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, aho usanga ku bushobozi buke hiyongeraho n’uko icyo gihugu cyacitsemo ibice byinshi, kandi kikaba kikiri mu ntambara.
Nk'uko abari mu nama babivuga biragaragara ko ba nyiri kurwana bakora ibyaha byibasiye inyoko-muntu n'ibyaha by'intambara usanga badakurikiranwa. N’iyo bakurikiranywe bagakurikiranwa bya nyirarureshwa, byo guhuma amaso umuryango mpuzamahanga ngo utazabakurikirana. Aha hatanzwe ingero, harimo ubwicanyi burimo gukorwa Ituri, n’abasirikare ba Jean Pierre Bemba bariye abantu, akemera kubikurikiranira mu butabera bwe ari uri uko yokejwe igitutu.
Ruswa na yo ngo iteye inkeke cyane muri RDC, ugereranije no mu Rwanda no mu Burundi, kubera kudahemba abakozi. Ibyo ngo bituma abo bakozi bahitamo guhembwa n’ababurana, cyangwa bagakoreshwa n'ugenzura akarere bakoreramo.
Mu Burundi na ho ngo si shyashya, cyane cyane ariko kubera intambara. Ibyaha bihakorerwa ni byinshi cyane, birimo ubwicanyi, kwiba bitwaje intwaro, no kwangiza ibintu by'abaturage no kubakura mu byabo. Ibyinshi muri ibyo byaha ngo ntibikurikiranwa kubera ubushobozi buke bw'ubutabera cyangwa intambara ibuza ubutabera kugera aho ibyaha bikorerwa.
Ikindi kibazo ngo ni icyo abayobozi bivanga mu butabera, ugasanga Leta itegeka polisi y'igihugu gufunga umuntu, ikanategeka ubushinjacyaha kumukorera dosiye Leta yifuza nta perereza rikozwe.
K’uruhande rw'u Rwanda ngo hari ibiri kugerwaho muri iki gihe, ariko ubutabera bukaba bwaragize ibibazo bikomeye kubera itsembabwoko n'itsembatsemba byahitanye abantu benshi mu gihe gito. Ibyo byatumye abantu benshi cyane bafatirwa icyarimwe, barimo n’abataragize uruhare mu itsembabwoko.
Muri ako kajagari k'ifunga hajemo no gukora ibyaha byo kwihorera byanatumye mu nama y’i Arusha habaho impaka ku mikorere y'inkiko gacaca n'urukiko mpuzamahanga ku Rwanda rukorera Arusha.
Hari abasanga kudakurikirana abo muri FPR bakoze ibyaha by'intambara bigaragaza ko urukiko rw’Arusha rubogamiye kuri Leta y'i Kigali.
Hari n’abasanga ariko icyaha cy'itsembabwoko gikomeye cyane k’uburyo igihe cyo gutangira gukurikirana abarihagaritse cyaba kitaragera mu gihe nta manza zigaragara ziracirwa abarigizemo uruhare.
Umwe mu bajyanama b'abacamanza b’i Arusha yadutangarije ko bitaba ari byiza kuko habaho ingaruka yo gufunga urukiko burundu. Asanga byaba byiza ibyo byaha bitangiye gukurikiranwa nyuma, izindi manza zisa n'izirangiye.
Na ho ku nkiko gacaca, bamwe mu bari mu nama batari Abanyarwanda basanga nta kizere bazigirira, cyane cyane ko ngo zica imanza z'ibyaha bikomeye kandi inyangamugayo nta bumenyi bafite buhagije.
Cyakora ngo haba hakiri kare kugira ngo umuntu abe yagira ibyo ashima inkiko za gacaca cyangwa azinenga. Hari n’abasanga izo nkiko ariyo nzira yo nyine yashoboraga kurangiza ikibazo cyo mu Rwanda no kumenya ukuri ku byabaye.
Imikorere y'urukiko rw'Arusha yavuzweho cyane nayo. Abenshi barasanga kugeza ubu rwarakoresheje ubushobozi bunini cyane kandi ntirugire icyo rukora kigaragara. Imanza ngo ziratinda cyane.
Uhagarariye ICG Gasana Jean Mawe asanga ntacyo rwakoze; abarufitemo inyungu ngo ni abarukoramo. Asanga na none gukurikirana bamwe mu bantu ba FPR ari bimwe mu byatumye urukiko rw’Arusha rudindira rukanabura abatangabuhamya.
Umwe mu bahagarariye IBUKA we asanga abagaya urukiko rw’Arusha ntacyo bashingiraho kuko ngo no kuba byaramenyekanye ko mu Rwanda habaye itsembabwoko Urwanda rubikesha urwo rukiko. Ati kandi gufata bamwe mu barigizemo uruhare rukomeye byatumye nibura bagabanya ingufu zo kuguma gutera Urwanda.
Yongera ho kandi ko n’ubwo hari bimwe bagaya - byanatumye bahagarara kohereza abatangabuhamya - ngo bizera ko bizakosorwa, maze ubutabera abarokotse itsembabwoko barutezeho bukazagerwaho. Ngo nta ho guhagarara gutanga ubuhamya kwabo bihuriye na politike kuko IBUKA ari umuryango uharanira uburenganzira bw'ikiremwamuntu nk'indi yose.
Umwe mu bahagarariye abaregwa m’urukiko rw’Arusha we avuga ko bibagora kubona ibimenyetso muri Leta y'u Rwanda kurusha abashinjacyaha. Agasanga rero nabyo ngo biri mu bidindiza imanza.
Urukiko mpuzamahanga ku Rwanda rwagawe na none ku bijyanye n’uko bahisemo uburyo bw'imiburanishirize buruhanije kandi barashoboraga no guhitamo ubwari busanzwe bukoreshwa n'Abanyarwanda.
Mu mpamvu abakora muri urwo rukiko batanga zituma imanza zitinda harimo guhindura inyandiko zose n'ubuhamya mu ndimi eshatu, ari zo Ikinyarwanda, Igifaransa n’Icyongereza. Abari mu nama basanga iiyo hakoreshwa gusa Ikinyarwanda n'igifaransa ntacyo byari gutwara, cyane cyane ko Abanyarwanda ari zo ndimi bakoreshaga.
Urukiko mpuzamahanga rwatangijwe ejo na rwo rwavuzweho, basanga na rwo ruzagira inzitizi nyinshi, cyane cyane ko ruha ibihugu ububasha bwo kwifatira abaregwa cyangwa kumvikana n'ibindi bihugu bishatse, bikajya bihererekanya abaregwa.
Urugero rwatanzwe ni amasezerano Urwanda ruherutse gusinyana na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika. Amasezerano nk’ayo ngo ashobora kuzaba menshi, bityo bikazavamo korora umuco wo kudahana kuko abazaba bakurikiranwa bashobora kuboneraho umwanya wo kwihisha ubutabera.
Basanga na none urwo rukiko rushobora kuzagira inzitizi z'ububasha mu mikorere kuko batinya ko ibihugu byifite nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika bitarwishimiye.
Shakira andi makuru yo mu karere hano.